| 摘要:基于对CIMAC 2025大会船用发动机燃烧技术相关论文的系统分析，综述在国际海事组织（International Maritime Organization，IMO）温室气体减排战略驱动下船用动力技术向低碳/零碳燃料转型的发展趋势。相关研究表明：氨、氢等零碳燃料的燃烧技术研究已成为核心，占比高达64%。船用氨发动机通过优化喷射、燃烧室结构及控制参数，可实现高至95%的氨能量替代率，并有效控制未燃NH3与N2O排放；氢燃料发动机研究聚焦异常燃烧控制，通过精确调控掺氢比例与引燃策略可在双燃料模式下兼顾效率与排放，但高负荷下的燃烧稳定性仍是挑战；甲醇燃料则凭借储运便利性与“电制燃料”潜力展现出良好应用前景。单缸试验机、光学诊断与计算流体动力学仿真等先进研发手段是推动上述技术突破的关键支撑。船用低碳零碳燃料发动机技术正从原理验证迈向工程应用，未来需重点围绕多路径燃烧组织、燃烧稳定性提升、未燃NH3与N2O等有害排放物的协同控制等关键燃烧问题展开攻关。 |
| 关键词: 船舶发动机 燃烧 排放 低碳 零碳 |
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| Development Trends in Marine Engine Combustion Technology: from the Perspective of CIMAC 2025 Congress |
| LI Hongmei,ZHANG Wenzheng,LIANG Gang,LIU Guangcai,DAI Yin |
| 1Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering，Ministry of Education， Shanghai Jiao Tong University， Shanghai 200240， China;2National Key Laboratory of Marine Engine Science and Technology， Shanghai 201108， China;3Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute， Shanghai 201108， China |
| Abstract:Based on a systematic analysis of research papers on marine engine combustion technologies presented at the CIMAC 2025 Congress，review of the development trend of marine power technology transitioning towards low-carbon/zero-carbon fuels are conducted，driven by the International Maritime Organization（IMO）greenhouse gas reduction strategy.Research indicates that combustion technologies for zero-carbon fuels such as ammonia and hydrogen have become the core focus，accounting for up to 64% of studies.Marine ammonia engines can achieve up to 95% ammonia energy substitution rate through optimization of injection，combustion chamber structure，and control parameters，and effectively manages unburned NH3 and N2O emissions.Research on hydrogen-fueled engines primarily focuses on abnormal combustion control，precise regulation of hydrogen blending ratios and ignition strategies in dual-fuel modes can balance efficiency and emissions，though combustion stability under high loads remains a challenge.Methanol fuel demonstrates promising application potential due to its storage and transportation convenience and potential as an electro fuel.Advanced R&D tools such as single-cylinder test engines，optical diagnostics，and CFD simulations are key enablers for these technological breakthroughs.Low- and zero-carbon fuel engine technologies for marine applications are transitioning from fundamental validation to engineering implementation.Future efforts should focus on addressing critical combustion issues，including multi-path combustion organization，enhancement of combustion stability，and synergistic control of harmful emissions such as unburned NH3 and N2O. |
| Key words: marine engine combustion emission low-carbon zero-carbon |
