| 摘要:日益严格的排放法规使船舶混动电力推进系统成为研究热点，而控制级策略是决定系统能效与经济性的关键因素。基于CIMAC 2025大会最新成果，阐述该领域核心进展。分析串联、并联等主流拓扑结构的适用场景；重点说明基于规则的控制、模型预测控制、等效消耗最小化和强化学习等能量管理策略的优劣与适用性，并说明电池衰减建模、多模式平滑切换等工程难题的解决方案；通过渡船、拖船及滚装船的案例，验证先进控制策略在提升效率、降低油耗与减少排放方面的显著效果。研究表明，融合多目标优化与实时预测的智能策略是未来发展方向，为船舶绿色低碳运营提供关键支撑。 |
| 关键词: 混动电力推进 能量管理 模型预测控制 电池衰减 多模式切换 实船验证 |
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| Control-Level Strategies for Hybrid Electric Propulsion Systems： Insights from CIMAC 2025 Congress |
| LI Xiaokang,CHEN Defu,ZHUO Jinbao,ZHOU Yu,ZHU Hongyu |
| Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute， Shanghai 201108，China |
| Abstract:In response to the increasingly stringent emission regulations，hybrid electric propulsion systems for ships have become a research hotspot，with control-level strategies being a key factor determining the system''s energy efficiency and economic performance.Based on the latest findings from the CIMAC 2025 Congress，the core advancements in the field are elaborated. The applicable scenarios of mainstream topological structures such as series and parallel configurations are analyzed；the advantages and disadvantages，as well as applicability of energy management strategies including rule-based control，model predictive control，equivalent consumption minimization strategy，and reinforcement learning are discussed in detail；solutions to engineering challenges such as battery degradation modeling and multi-mode smooth switching are also discussed；the significant effectiveness of advanced control strategies in improving efficiency，reducing fuel consumption，and cutting emissions are demonstrated by case studies on ferries，tugboats，and RoRo ships.The study shows that intelligent strategies integrating multi-objective optimization and real-time prediction represent the future direction，providing crucial support for green and low-carbon ship operations. |
| Key words: hybrid electric propulsion energy management model predictive control battery degradation multi-mode switching real-ship validation |
